一颗苹果 -
进口红酒成本核算以及报关流程细节
刚刚跟大家分享了进口红酒报关的一些流程，先将进口红酒前需要准备的工作及细节问题跟大家再次分享，希望能够给贸易商提供到帮助：
在中国，红酒、葡萄酒等进口酒的进口程序和市场管理规定较为复杂，一般建议最好委托在中国的已有进口酒类经营资格和已有进出口经营权的企业代办或合作。 In China, imported red wine, wine procedures and market management regulations are relatively complex, generally recommend commission/entrusted or cooperation with the enterprise which has the qualification/ right of import and export.
一、酒的进口程序：One, Wine import procedures:
成本核算：Cost accounting:
进口瓶装酒现行税率： The current tax rate of imported bottled wine:
关税： 14% （ 关税：CIF ×14%）；
Duties: 14% (tariff: CIF x 14%);
增值税：17% （增殖税：（CIF＋关税额）×17%）；
VAT: 17% (Proliferous tax: (CIF + tariff forehead) x 17%);
消费税：10% （消费税：[（CIF ＋关税额）/ （1～ 10%）]× 10%）。
Consumption tax: 10% (consumption tax: [(CIF + tariff forehead) / (1 ~ 10%)] x 10%).
所征收的税项，以人民币交纳。Levied taxes paid CNY.
其它进口费用：Other charges:
进口货物总成本应为：下述六项总和。
Total cost of imported goods should be: the total sum of following six items.
一、人民币货价成本=外汇货价X当天外汇兑人民币换率
First, CNY price cost = foreign exchange x CNY exchange rate
二、运费+保险费（根据不同国家、地区运输方式收取）
Second, freight + insurance premium (according to different countries and regions transportation charge)
三、关税、增值税（根据海关及国家税务税率规定收取）
Three, tariffs, value added tax (according to customs and state tax rate)
四、办理进口批文及中文标签等费用（并非所有商品）
Four, handle imported approval and Chinese label fees (not all goods)
六、银行结算费用
Six, bank settlement fee
清关前资料准备：Clearance documents prepare:
提交办理中文标签的资料：Submit Chinese label information:
进口酒经营企业根据中国《食品标签通用标准》和有关规定准备下列申报文件后，到当地商品检验检疫局领取表格后申办：Imported wine business enterprise according to “China"s food label universal standards” and relevant regulations of the following documents, go to local commodity inspection and quarantine bureau , fill the application form:
1、标签检验监管备案表（申请书）； 1, the record table of inspection and administration label (application);
2、原外文标签样图片（前和后的标签资料）。2, the original sample foreign labels (tags pictures);
3、原外文标签翻译件（前和后的标签资料）；3, foreign labels translation (the front and back tag);
4、中文商标设计样张（前和后的标签资料）；4, Chinese trademark design (the front and back tag);
5、酒的原产地证明；5, the certificate of origin;
6、中国经销商营业执照、电话号码；6, China company business license, telephone number;
7、外国生产商公司名称；7, foreign manufacturers company name;
8、酒的样品（一般各3瓶，有时按需要会多抽几瓶）；8, wine samples (general each three bottles, sometimes need more according the requirement);
9、国家商检局办证部门需要的其他资料。9, other documents require by national commodity inspection bureau.
以上资料齐备后，当货物报关完毕后，与当地商检局上报审核备案或者在到货前到商检局认定机构做中文标签预备案。Above information are ready for apply to customs, should have a report for record in local commodity inspection bureau or have a Chinese marking record in certifying body of commodity inspection bureau before arrival of the goods.
关于酒的中文命名说明：the explaination of wine"s chinese name:
葡萄酒的中文名称不得相同。而如果申报的中文名称已有重复的，需要另外起名。The wine"s chinese name can"t be the same. When the name declared is the same, Must change to another name
建议：Proposal:
进口酒的中文名称的确定 ：Chinese name for imported wine
1、 以葡萄品种名或厂商名命名的，以该葡萄或厂商的中文名命名；
1, The name can be the same as the variety of grape or manufacture name
2. 以产地命名的，以其中文译名命名；
2, The name can be the same as the Chinese name of original places
3.以品牌命名的，为了中外文发音的对应，一般以音译汉字命名。
3, The name can be the same as transliteration Chinese name of the brand in order to makes them pronunciation corresponding.
办理中国国内进口酒经营牌照：Business licenses of imported wine:
中国企业要从事进口葡萄酒业务除了一般经营性企业所必需的工商、税务等手续外，在注册的营业范围内还应包括酒类经营资格，即具备进口酒类经营许可证和卫生 许可证。此外，还需要到相关部门办理下列手续：The Chinese companies which engaged in import wine business in addition to have industry and commerce, taxation procedure, also should have imported wine business licenses and hygiene license. In addition, still need go to relevant departments to transact following procedures:
到当地外经贸主管部门领取《对外贸易经营者备案登记表》，经过备案登记后才具备对外贸易资格。对外贸易经营者应凭加盖备案登记印章《登记表》在30日内到当地海关、检验检疫、外汇、税务等部门办理开展对外贸易业务所需要的手续。
如不具备以上条件的企业，建议可委托有相关进口酒经营资质的专业代理公司代办进口手续，可省去不少麻烦。If do not have the above conditions, the enterprise can authorize to qualified imported wine agency to transact import formalities
进口葡萄酒到岸报关清关的程序：Customs clearance procedures of imported wine:
进口酒类的程序比较烦琐。The procedure of imported wine is more troublesome.
主要流程：货物到港->报检->报关->缴税->海关查货->放行->检验检疫局抽样或送样->检测样品及审 核中文标签->签发卫生证书(取得此卫生证书后方可在国内市场销售该批货物)。（*注意：某些经济特区或口岸要求货物到港后先完成商检及备案中文标 签后，然后才可报关）。(* note: some special economic zones or port require that goods needs to do commodity inspection and have Chinese label in record before apply to customs).
进口单位应提供进口酒类输出国（地区）产地卫生证明。 进口酒类（不包括免税进口酒类）应根据我国《食品标签通用标准》和有关规定加贴中文标签。口岸进口食品卫生、质量监督检验机构对监督检验合格的加贴“进口 食品卫生监督检验标志”，签发卫生证书（正本、副本）。监督检验不合格的不准进口。 海关凭对外贸易经济主管部门签发的进口货物许可证（如需要）和口岸进口食品卫生监督检验机构签发的放行 通知单并征税后验放。 1， 代理合同、销售合同、发票、装箱单各一式三份。
1, Agency contract, sales contract, invoices and packing list in triplicates each.
2， 中文标签及原标签电子版，原标签翻译件。（或中文标签预备案证明书）；
2, Chinese label and the electronic edition of original label, the translation file of original label (or the certificate of preparation file for Chinese label);
3， 出口国官方卫生证（或者自由销售证明或者健康证）、产地证、厂家成分分析说明。出口国的承诺书，授权书等。
3, The official health certificate of export country (or free sales certificate or health certificate), certificate of origin, structure of manufacturers, Letter of commitment and authorization of origin country etc.
4， 熏蒸证、无木质包装声明；
4, fumigation certificate, statement shows that there is no wood in packing;
5， 海运/空运提单。
5, bill of lading for sea/air transportation.
6， 其他各口岸管理机构要求提供的单证。
6, Documents required by other port management institutions.
进口到岸手续是先报检后报关，然后再商检。假如商检关未过，货物是不准入关，要被退回。 When the goods arrive in the port, declaration inspection first, then apply to customs, commodity inspection at last. The goofs will be returned if the goods can"t pass commodity inspection.
商检要在货物监管区对所申报货物进行核对：包装是否符合标准，中文注册商标是否完备。另外还要对货物文件进行审核，包括出口国出具的卫生免疫证、产地证、质量保证书等等。对于葡萄酒以“托”来打包包装的，如果是采用木托，还必须审核出口国出具的“熏蒸证明”。
Commodity inspector need to check declared goods in surveillance zone as below: if packing meets the standards and Chinese registered trademark is complete. Additionally, review the documents of the goods, included health immune certificate, origin of certificate, quality certificate, etc issued by export country. If the packing material is made of wooden, still must review "fumigation certificate” issued exporter.
商检要对货物进行抽检。一般是按货物总数的千分之一进行抽检。检验是否符合国家进口食品卫生标准，另外剩余的抽检样品备存。假如商检发现货物质量不符合国 内标准，货物是不准在国内市场进行销售，要被退回或进行销毁处理。Commodity Inspector need do spot-check and the quantity usually is a thousandth of the goods. Check the goods whether meets imported food sanitation standard, and keep the rest of the random samples. If the commodity inspector found the goods do not conform to the national standard, the goods won"t allow to sell in domestic market sales and will be returned or destroyed.
商检还要对产品进行质量检测及中文标签审核等内容，包装质量是否符合标准，生产日期是否严格按照国内标准显示，营养成分或配料是否标注正确，中文标签是否 符合标准。另外还要对货物文件进行审核，包括出口国出具的卫生证、产地证、成分分析证明等，对于木质材料包装的，还必须审核出口国出具的“熏蒸证明”，假 如中文标签不合格，或中文标签内容与实物成分等内容不符也要被退回或进行销毁处理。在商检检验完毕后，进行海关申报纳税。程序和其他进口货物一样。要注意 的主要是海关审价人员对所申报进口葡萄酒到岸价的真实性的审查。这一点必须要有准备一些说服资料，以免海关不信任并且由海关定价（当然会比原申报价高很 多），造成成本增加。After commodity inspection, then can declare and paid to the customs. Procedures are the same as other imported goods. The price auditor will check the authenticity of CIF price of imported wine. So must prepare some persuasive materials avoid customs distrust and pricing it by themselves (of course it will be much higher than declaration price), and it will increase the costs.